Cottus gobio Linnaeus, 1758

Dataset
GBIF Backbone Taxonomy: Rank
SPECIES: Published in
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.

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Classification

kingdom
Animalia: phylum
Chordata: class
Actinopterygii: order
Scorpaeniformes: family
Cottidae: genus
Cottus: species
Cottus gobio

distribution

Florida-Estados Unidos

biome

aquatic

lifespan

longlived

cuddliness

non cuddly

nutrient level

oligotrophic

biotope

running waters

mobility

sedentary

spine

vertebrate

description

Phenotypic and genetic differences between littoral and profundal forms

discussion

Phenotypically distinct forms of Cottus were recorded in the profundal zone of lakes in the Aare and Po-Adriatic catchments to almost the deepest point of several lakes. In the Aare catchment, Cottus were caught to 209 m deep in Lake Thun (lake max depth Zmax = 217 m), to 214 m deep in Lake Lucerne (Zmax = 214 m) and to 145 m in Lake Walen (Zmax = 151 m). Also in the Po-Adriatic catchment, Cottus were caught to 125 m deep in Lake Maggiore (Zmax = 372 m) and to 290 m deep in Lake Garda (Zmax = 350 m). The deep-caught fish were paler in colour and tended to have flatter heads compared to the fish caught in the littoral zone of the same lakes (Figure 53). In the Po-Adriatic lakes the profundal fish corresponded to Cottus ferrugineus (described by Heckel & Kner in 1858), currently considered a synonym of C. gobio (Figure 54). Parts of the genomes of profundal and littoral individuals from lakes Thun, Walen and Lucerne were analysed in detail. Significant genomic differentiation between littoral and profundal Cottus existed in Lake Walen, but not in lakes Lucerne or Thun. However, several genetic loci showed substantial genetic differentiation between the profundal and littoral populations, especially in Lake Thun, suggesting that the very small number of profundal fish that were available for analysis (e. g. n = 5 in Lake Thun) may have limited the ability to detect genomewide differentiation. Alternatively, it is possible that the phenotypic differences are the result of plasticity (i. e. the ability of one genotype to produce different phenotypes when exposed to different environments) and further research with a greater number profundal fish is required to properly understand the situation. Sufficient numbers of profundal fish from lakes Maggiore and Garda were not available to test for genomic differentiation. However, DNA barcoding revealed that three profundal fish from Maggiore and Garda belonged to a different mitochondrial lineage than the one barcoded littoral fish from Lake Maggiore and two stream fish from the Maggia (collected by Progetto Fiumi).

discussion

The sculpin,

discussion

is a taxon with wide and irregular distribution across Europe and considerable phenotypic and genetic variation between populations that may well comprise of several species. Cottus was caught in the benthic zone of many lakes across a wide range of depths from the littoral zone to the deepest point. Along the depth gradient, two peaks in abundance were evident in many lakes, in the shallow littoral and in the profundal, with a gap at intermediate depths. Cottus were common in the Rhine catchment, naturally absent only from the higher-altitude Jura lakes Brenet, Joux and Rousses, and were notably missing from Projet Lac catches in the lakes Zug, Morat and Constance Untersee. In the Po catchment, Cottus were caught in Poschiavo, Como, Mezzola, Garda and Maggiore, while in the Rhone catchment, this species was only caught in Geneva, Annecy and Chalain. [9, 183] Genetic differences among catchments, and between lake and stream populations in the Aare-Rhine Analysis of Cottus gobio collected in Projet Lac and an earlier Eawag project “ BioChange ” identified that the populations of Cottus gobio in the Rhine (Aare, but also including Geneva), Rhone (Doubs, but not Geneva) and Po catchments showed substantial genetic differentiation (Figure 55) [41]. The similarity of the C. gobio in Lake Geneva to populations in the Rhine catchment had already been shown in earlier work [184] and is attributed to fish crossing from the Upper Rhine to Rhone through ephemeral waterways formed at the retreating edge of the Rhone glacier in the early Holocene (c. 11,000 years ago). In addition, lake populations of Cottus within the Aare-Rhine catchment were genetically distinct from stream populations, whereas lake populations were more similar to each other than to geographically intervening stream populations. Lake and stream Cottus in the Aare catchment thus seem to belong to two distinct evolutionary lineages, possibly representing two separate colonisations (with lakes Constance and Geneva belonging to the stream lineage). This suggested that recolonization of Switzerland after deglaciation occurred in two waves, with the stream lineage representing the first wave of colonization. The lake lineage only arrived in the Aare after lakes Constance and Geneva had become inaccessible for colonisation of fish from the Aare; respectively by the Rhine falls in Constance and the retreat of the Rhone glacier further into the Alps for Geneva [41].

Cottus gobio Linnaeus 1758

Cottus gobio [spec. nov.]

C. laevis, capite spinis duabus.

Art. gen. 48. syn. 76. spec. 82. Cottus alepidotus glaber, capite diacantho. @/D. 7, 17. P. 14. V. 4. A. 13. C. 8.

Fn. svec. 279. idem. @/D. 7, 18. P. 14. V. 4. A. 13. C. 10.

Gron. mus. 2. n. 166. Uranoscopus capite utrinque monacanthio. @/D. 7, 18. P. 14. V. 4. A. 12. C. 13.

Habitat in Europae fluviis.

Nidum in fundo format, ovis incubat.

Name

Synonyms: Cottus affinis Heckel, 1837; Cottus ferrugineus Bonaparte, 1846; Cottus ferrugineus Heckel & Kner, 1858; Cottus ferruginosus; Cottus gobio gobio; Cottus gobio jakartensis Berg, 1916; Cottus gobio jaxartensis Berg, 1916; Cottus gobio macrostomus Jeitteles, 1863; Cottus gobio pellegrini Băcescu & Băcescu-Meşter, 1964; Cottus gobio pellegrini Vladykov, 1931; Cottus gobio roseus Odenwall, 1927
Homonyms: Cottus gobio Linnaeus, 1758
Common names: Almindelig ferskvandsulk in Danish; Almindelig ferskvandsulk in Danish; Aze in French; Babets zvychainyi in Ukrainian; Botos kölönte in Hungarian; Botos kölönte in Hungarian; Botte in French; Buichok-podkamentschik in Russian; Bullen in German; Bullen in German; Bullhead in English; Bullhead in English; Bychok-podkamenschik in Russian; Cabot in French; Cavilat in Spanish; Cavilat in Spanish; Chaboisseau in French; Chabot in French; Chabot in French; Chabot commun in French; Chabot périalpin in French; Common bullhead in English; Dereiskorbiti baligi in Turkish; Dereiskorbiti baligi in Turkish; Dickkopf in German; Dickkopp in German; Dolbn in German; Escorpião-de-água-doce in Portuguese; Escorpião-de-água-doce in Portuguese; European bullhead in English; Ferskvandsulk in Danish; Ferskvandsulk in Danish; Freshwater sculpin in English; Freshwater sculpin in English; Glowacz bialopletwy in Polish; Glowacz bialopletwy in Polish; Go de Brenta in Italian; Greppe in German; Groppe in German; Groppe in German; Groppe in German; Groppe in German; Groppe in German; Groppe in German; Groppe in German; Groppe in German; Gruppe in German; Gruppe in German; Harilik võldas in Estonian; Hlavac obycajny in Czech

Bibliographic References

Eschmeyer, R. (eds.) (1900-01-01 00:00:00) Catalog of Fishes electronic version (15 January 2010). http://research.calacademy.org/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp
Freyhof, J. et al. (2005)
Freyhof, J. et al. (2005)
Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2022). ECoF. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco. Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2022.
Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2021). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (08/2021).
Hureau, J.-C., and Th. Monod, eds., 1973: null. Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (Clofnam), vol. 1. xxii + 683.
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Direction 87 Completion and, in Part, correction of the entries on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology in Regard to the generic names Cottus Linnaeus, 1758, and Conger Oken, 1817 (class Pisces) made by the rulings given respectively in Opinions 11 and 93 published in the period up to the end of 1936 and matters incidental thereto.Opinions and declarations rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1F(F.1), 1-16 (1958)
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.
Nijssen, H. & De Groot, S.J. (1987)
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374