Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

Dataset
GBIF Backbone Taxonomy: Rank
SPECIES: Published in
Rafinesque, Constantine S. 1810. Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della Sicilia, con varie osservazioni sopra i medisimi. Sanfilippo, Palermo.: 1-105, pls. 1-20.

Classification

kingdom
Animalia: phylum
Chordata: class
Elasmobranchii: order
Lamniformes: family
Odontaspididae: genus
Carcharias: species
Carcharias taurus

Name

Synonyms: Carcharhinus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810); Carcharias arenarias Ogilby, 1911; Carcharias arenarius Ogilby, 1911; Carcharias griseus Ayres, 1843; Carcharias littoralis (Lesueur, 1818); Carcharias owstoni Garman, 1913; Carcharias platensis (Lahille, 1928); Charcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810; Eugmophodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810); Eugomphodus griseus (Ayres, 1843); Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810); Lamna ecarinata Hemprich & Ehrenberg, 1899; Odontaspis americanus (Mitchill, 1815); Odontaspis arenarius (Ogilby, 1911); Odontaspis cinerea Ramsay, 1880; Odontaspis platensis Lahille, 1928; Odontaspis taurus (Rafinesque, 1810); Squalus americanus Mitchill, 1815; Squalus littoralis Lesueur, 1818; Squalus lixa Larrañaga, 1923
Homonyms: Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810
Common names: Bacota in Spanish; Blue Nurse Shark in English; Blue-nurse Sand Tiger in English; Dogfish Shark in English; Gray Nurse Shark in English; Grey Nurse in English; Grey Nurse Shark in English; Grey Nurse Shark in English; Grey nurse in English; Greynurse Shark in English; Ground Shark in English; Hietahai in Finnish; Indian Sand Tiger in English; Kelb il-bahar in Maltese; Nuss Shark in English; Owston’s sand shark in English; Oxhaj in Swedish; Peshkagen i eger in Albanian; Peshkaqen i eger in Albanian; Pez toro in Spanish; Ragged Tooth Shark in English; Requin in French; Requin taureau in French; Requin taureau in French; Sand Shark in English; Sand Tiger in English; Sand Tiger Shark in English; Sand shark in English; Sand tiger shark in English; Sand tiger shark in English; Sandhai in German; Sandhaj in Swedish; Sandtiger in German; Sandtiger in German; Sandtiger Shark in English; Sandtigerhai in German; Sandtigerhai in German; Shovel-nosed Shark in English; Slender-tooth Shark in English; Slender-tooth shark in English; Smalltooth Sand Tiger in English; Spotted Ragged-tooth in English; Spotted Ragged-tooth Shark in English; Spotted Raggedtooth in English; Spotted Raggedtooth Shark in English; Spotted Sand Tiger Shark in English; Squalo toro in Italian; Tawrosz in Polish; Tawru in Maltese; Tiburón sarda in Spanish

Bibliographic References

Branstetter, Steven / Collette, Bruce B., and Grace Klein-MacPhee, eds., 2002: Sand Tiger Sharks: Family Odontaspididae. Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine, Third Edition. 25-27.
Claro, Rodolfo, Kenyon C. Lindeman, and Lynne R. Parenti, 2001: null. Ecology of the Marine Fishes of Cuba. 253.
Collette, B. B., ; Klein-MacPhee, G. (2002). Bigelow and Schroeder's Fishes of the Gulf of Maine. Smithsonian Institution Press. 1-748.
Compagno, L.J.V. (1984). FAO Species Catalogue No. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. (125) Vol 4, Part 1. 246 pp. FAO, Rome.
Compagno, Leonard J. V., 2001: Sharks of the World: An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date, vol. 2: Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes, no. 1, vol. 2. viii + 269.
Eschmeyer, William N., ed., 1998: Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, no. 1, vol 1-3. 2905.
Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2025). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (06/2024).
International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 1459 Carcharias Rafinesque, 1810 (Chondrichthyes, Lamniformes): conserved.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 44(3), 216-217 (1987)
Liu, J.Y. [Ruiyu] (ed.). (2008). Checklist of marine biota of China seas. China Science Press. 1267 pp.
Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. Scientific Data. 10(1). 10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4
McEachran, J. D. (2009). Fishes (Vertebrata: Pisces) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1223–1316 in: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
Murdy, Edward O., Ray S. Birdsong, and John A. Musick, 1997: null. Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. xi + 324.
Nelson, Joseph S., Edwin J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L. T. Findley, C. R. Gilbert, et al., eds., 2004: Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico, Sixth Edition. American Fisheries Society Special Publication, no. 29. ix + 386.
Rafinesque, C. S. (1810). Caratteri di alcuni nuovi generi e nuove specie di animali e piante della sicilia, con varie osservazioni sopra i medisimi. Per le stampe di Sanfilippo: Palermo, Italy. Part 1 involves fishes, pp. [i-iv] 3-69 [70 blank], Part 2 with slightly different title, pp. ia-iva + 71-105 [106 blank]). Pls. 1-20.
van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 357-374