A geographic distribution database of Mononychellus mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta)

Aymer Andrés Vásquez-Ordóñez

doi:10.15472/83z2n7

A geographic distribution database of Mononychellus mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta)

Citation

Vásquez-Ordóñez A A, Vásquez Ordóñez A A (2022). A geographic distribution database of Mononychellus mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) on cassava (Manihot esculenta). Version 3.6. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical - CIAT. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15472/83z2n7 accessed via GBIF.org on 2024-10-11.

Description

The genus Mononychellus is represented by 28 herbivorous mites. Some of them are notorious pests of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), a primary food crop in the tropics. With the exception of Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar), their geographic distribution is not widely known. This dataset therefore reports observational and specimen-based occurrence data of Mononychellus species associated with cassava. The dataset consists of 1,513 distribution records documented by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) between 1975 and 2012. The specimens are held at CIAT’s Arthropod Reference Collection (CIATARC). Most of the records are from the genus’ native range in South America and were documented between 1980 and 2000. Approximately 61% of the records belong to M. tanajoa, 25% to M. caribbeanae (McGregor), 10% to M. mcgregori (Flechtman & Baker) and 2% to M. planki (McGregor).

Sampling Description

Study Extent

The Mononychellus specimens and observations of CIATARC are from South America (14 countries), Central America (Cuba, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Trinidad and Tobago), Africa (Benin, Kenia, Mozambique, Nigeria) and Asia (Vietnam, China).

Sampling

The records in the dataset have been documented in three ways: 1) Records from CIAT’s initial field explorations to document pests in cassava (Guerrero & Belloti 1981; 4.4% records, between 1975-1983). 2) Records documented during the “Cassava Green Spider Mite Biological Control Project,” led by CIAT, IITA, CIBC and EMBRAPA (Bellotti et al. 1987, 1996, 1998, 2000, Byrne et al. 1983; CIAT 1984, 1985, 1986, 1990, 1992, 1995, Braun et al. 1993, Guerrero et al. 1993, CIAT et al. 1998; 89.6%, 1983-1999). Their locations were systematically selected based on their climatic homology to M. tanajoa-affected areas in Africa (Bellotti et al. 1987, CIAT 1993, Guerrero et al. 1993).
3) Records from other sources; including field inspections and collections conducted during routine farm visits by CIAT personnel, and from specimens submitted to CIATARC by fellow institutions and researchers (Bellotti et al. 2000; CIAT 2001, 2002, 2003; 6%, 2000-2012). The sampling process typically involved scouting cassava fields for infested plants, identified by speckling of their terminal leaves, followed by a close-up inspection for green mites using a 10x magnifying glass. To collect specimens, mites were then brushed off from leaves into collection vials containing a lactophenol solution (Krantz 1978) and maintained in ice chests until reaching the laboratory for proper mounting and identification (Bellotti et al. 1987, CIAT 1993, Guerrero et al. 1993).

Quality Control

Record validation and cleaning was incorporated at several steps of the documentation process, following guideless by Chapman (2005 a,b). The scientific names on labels were checked with a taxonomic thesaurus developed by AAV. This thesaurus compiled all known synonyms and spelling variants of the scientific names used for our focal species. We assigned scientific names in accordance to current taxonomy trends. Geographic coordinates were verified using the “Check Coordinates” function in DIVA-GIS (Hitmans et al. 2001). For this last step, we relied on the Global Administrative Unit Layers (GAUL) shape file developed by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO, http://www.fao.org/geonetwork/srv/en/metadata.show?id=12691, [accessed 2013/11/14]). Ajuste de vocabularios controlados en: Elementos geográficos: stateProvince y county;

Method steps

The dataset integrates two data flows: observational records and specimen-based records, identified either to genus or to species. The former were digitized from field diagnostic forms completed by personnel extensively trained in mite identification. These identifications, however, were likely conducted on site without mounting and preserving samples. Alternatively, these observations may correspond to properly-mounted but lost specimens. In either case, our confidence in the identification of observational records is high to genus level, but guarded to species level. On the other hand, specimen-based records belong to verifiable samples properly-preserved at CIATARC following the guidelines of Krantz (1978). Unique accession numbers were assigned to all records. All biodiversity data available (i.e. specimen, species identification, name of determiner, sex, biological phase, locality, date, habitat, host, collector and observations) was digitized in a Microsoft Excel 2010 spreadsheet adopting the Darwin Core Archive format v1.2 (Wieczorek et al. 2012). We updated locality fields (e.g., district, municipality) using the most current names and classifications of administrative divisions used by each country (e.g. http://www.dane.gov.co/Divipola/ for Colombia, http://www.inec.gob.ec/estadisticas/?option=com_content&view=article&id=80 for Ecuador, etc. [accessed 2013/11/14]). Based on their locality names, we then geocoded the records using Google Maps (https://maps.google.com/), GeoNames (http://www.geonames.org/) or Amézquita et al. (2013). GPS coordinates were converted to decimal degrees.

Taxonomic Coverages

Most records were identified to species level (98 %, 1483/1513) with the help of expert input (José María Guerrero, Pilar Hernandez). Only four species of the genera are reported. Approximately 61% of the records belong to Mononychellus tanajoa (Bondar, 1938), 25% to M. caribbeanae (McGregor, 1950), 10% to M. mcgregori (Flechtman & Baker, 1970) and 2% to M. planki (McGregor, 1950).

Mononychellus caribbeanae
common name: Cassava Green Mite Complex rank: species
Mononychellus mcgregori
common name: Cassava Green Mite Complex rank: species
Mononychellus planki
common name: Cassava Green Mite Complex rank: species
Mononychellus tanajoa
common name: Cassava Green Mite Complex, Cassava Green Mite rank: species

Geographic Coverages

The Mononychellus specimens and observations of CIATARC are from South America (14 countries), Central America (Cuba, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Trinidad and Tobago), Africa (Benin, Kenia, Mozambique, Nigeria) and Asia (Vietnam, China).

Bibliographic Citations

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Contacts

Aymer Andrés Vásquez-Ordóñez
originator
position: Research Assistant
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, CIAT
Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira
Cali
6713
Valle del Cauca
CO
Telephone: +57 (2) 4450000
email: a.a.vasquez@cgiar.org
homepage: http://ciat.cgiar.org/

Aymer Andrés Vásquez Ordóñez
metadata author
position: Research Assistant
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, CIAT
Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira
Cali
6713
Valle del Cauca
CO
Telephone: +57 (2) 4450000
email: a.a.vasquez@cgiar.org
homepage: http://ciat.cgiar.org/

Soroush Parsa
principal investigator
position: Entomologist
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, CIAT
Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira
Cali
6713
Valle del Cauca
CO
Telephone: +57 (2) 4450000
email: s.parsa@cgiar.org
homepage: http://ciat.cgiar.org/

Rodrigo Zuñiga
custodian steward
position: Technician
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, CIAT
Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira
Cali
6713
Valle del Cauca
CO
Telephone: +57 (2) 4450000
email: r.zuniga@cgiar.org
homepage: http://ciat.cgiar.org/

Aymer Andrés Vásquez-Ordóñez
administrative point of contact
position: Research Assistant
Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, CIAT
Km 17 Recta Cali-Palmira
Cali
6713
Valle del Cauca
CO
Telephone: +57 (2) 4450000
email: a.a.vasquez@cgiar.org
homepage: http://ciat.cgiar.org/