Genetic lineages of Parisotoma notabilis s. l. (Collembola, Isotomidae) in the East European Plain

Study Extent

Information on the occurrence of genetic lineages of Parisotoma notabilis in soil samples collected in various habitats: natural forests (22 locations), forest parks (12 locations), urban lawns (11 locations), mown meadow (4 locations), field (3 locations), fallow (4 locations), tall bush with reeds (1 location). Samples were taken from 57 locations from October 2020 to October 2022.

Sampling

One 2-liter mixed sample of the litter and / or topsoil was taken from 5 x 5 m area in each location.

Quality Control

The extracted material was identified using existing identification keys (Potapov 2001, Fjellberg 2007). The genetic lineages of Parisotoma notabilis identified by the D3-D5 region of 28S or by the fragment of the CO1 gene. 266 individuals from 57 locations were selected for analysis. The table shows the number of genetically analyzed individuals.

Method steps

1. The objectives of the study included elucidation of the distribution of various genetic lineages of Parisotoma notabilis in the East European Plain, mainly in the central regions. Previously, this information was not available. There are only a few works describing the genetic composition of the populations of this species in Canada and Western Europe (Porco et al. 2012, Saltzwedel et al. 2017). To determine the composition of genetic lineages in Eastern Europe, the method of intensive counting was adopted. We sought to reveal the set of lineages as fully as possible, so we took the most contrasting habitats, taking into account their disturbance. From an area of 5 x 5 m, one 2-liter mixed sample of litter and topsoil was taken at each location. Lineages of this species can be identified by both the mitochondrial COI gene and the ribosomal 28S gene (D2 region, Porco et al. 2012; D3-D5 region, Saltzwedel et al. 2017). We used both methods. 266 individuals from 57 locations were selected for analysis. The table shows only the number of genetically analyzed individuals, not abundance

Widespread springtail Parisotoma notabilis (Schäffer, 1896) sensu lato is a polytypical species. It is a ubiquitous parthenogenetic species, especially numerous in natural and anthropogenic habitats of Europe and North America. Recently, six genetic lineages (L0, L1, L2, L3, L4-Saltzwedel, L4-Hebert) of this species have been described, with very high average genetic distances between them. Parisotoma notabilis may have as yet undetected morphological differences that would warrant subspecies and possibly species status, if detected.

1. Parisotoma notabilis var. L1
   rank: variety
2. Parisotoma notabilis var. L2
   rank: variety
3. Parisotoma notabilis var. L4-Hebert
   rank: variety

Material collected in the East European Plain: Kaliningrad Oblast, Karelia, Kazan city, Moscow region, Kaluga Oblast, Voronezh Oblast, Ryazan Oblast, Vladimir Oblast, Nizhny Novgorod city, Astrakhan region, Republic of Belarus