The fauna of aquatic invertebrates in the river impacted wastewaters of pulp and paper industry (Komi Republic)

Study Extent

The dataset provides information on the number of individuals of aquatic invertebrates in zoobenthos sample and the number of individuals per cube meter in zooplankton sample. Hydrobiological samples were collected on the section of the river located in the zone of influence of pulp and paper industry.

Sampling

The research was carried out in zont impacted wastewaters of Mondi Syktyvkar JSC, in the middle reaches of the Vychegda River. On the section of the river (55 km long) 7 point were selected: IB – background zone, above the zone of direct influence of wastewater of pulp and paper industry I – zone of direct influence of wastewater of pulp and paper industry, II – 22.8 km lower than the point I (near the Kochchojyag village), III – 6.4 km lower than the point II (near the Sluda village); IV – zone of direct influence of wastewater of pulp and paper industry (near the Gavrilovka village), V – 11.8 km lower than the point IV (near the Sotchem-vyv village); VI – 5.5 km lower than the point V (near the Ust'-Pozheg village). The material includes data collected during the period of modernization of the enterprise.

Quality Control

The data were collected and identified by specialists from the Institute of Biology of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Morphological analysis specimens was performed using compound microscopes BIMAM R13-1, Leica DM 4000B. All species within Rotifera, Cladocera, and Copepoda were identified in zooplankton samples, while Oligochaeta, Cladocera, Copepoda, Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera were identified in benthic samples. For identification of species and higher-level taxa, we used both standard keys and data reported in modern studies specifically addressing the taxonomy of these groups (Chekanovskaya 1962; Timm 2009; Korovchinsky, 2004; Keys to freshwater invertebrates…, 2000, 2001; Key to identification of zooplankton and zoobenthos, 2010; Kutikova, 1977; De Smet, 1997; Elliott, 1988; Lillehammer, 1988; Teslenko, Zhiltzova, 2009; Lepneva, 1964; Krivosheina, 2012).

Method steps

1. The studies were carried out in July 2018-2020. Quantitative hydrobiological samples were taken from different depths (from 0.5 to 3.5 m). Zooplankton samples were collected using plankton nets with subsequent filtration through 82–100 μm mesh nylon nets. All benthic samples of fine sediments were sampled using the Petersen dredge (sampling area 0.025 m2), while those on rocky bottoms and from shallow depths were collected by hydrobiological scraper (0.09 m2) with mesh size ≤158 μm. Samples were preserved in 4% formaldehyde (in the field) and examined under light microscopes in the laboratory.

This dataset provides current data on aquatic invertebrate’s fauna (zooplankton and zoobenthos) of Vychegda River (Komi Republic) the in the zone impacted wastewaters of pulp and paper industry and consists species of Oligochaeta, Mollusca, Cladocera, Copepoda, Rotifera, Coleoptera, Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera.

1. Cnidaria
   rank: phylum
2. Hydrozoa
   common name: hydras rank: class
3. Nematoda
   common name: nematodes rank: phylum
4. Annelida
   rank: phylum
5. Clitellata
   rank: class
6. Hirudinea
   common name: leeches rank: subclass
7. Oligochaeta
   common name: oligochaetes rank: subclass
8. Tubificida
   rank: order
9. Enchytraeida
   rank: order
10. Lumbriculida
    rank: order
11. Mollusca
    common name: shellfish rank: phylum
12. Gastropoda
    rank: class
13. Tardigrada
    common name: tardigrades rank: phylum
14. Rotifera
    common name: rotifers rank: phylum
15. Eurotatoria
    rank: class
16. Monogononta
    rank: subclass
17. Ploima
    rank: order
18. Flosculariacea
    rank: order
19. Bdelloidea
    rank: subclass
20. Bdelloida
    rank: order
21. Arthropoda
    rank: phylum
22. Hexanauplia
    rank: class
23. Copepoda
    common name: copepods rank: subclass
24. Cyclopoida
    rank: order
25. Branchiopoda
    rank: class
26. Diplostraca
    rank: subclass
27. Ctenopoda
    rank: order
28. Anomopoda
    rank: order
29. Onychopoda
    rank: order
30. Haplopoda
    rank: order
31. Ostracoda
    common name: ostracods rank: class
32. Collembola
    common name: springtail rank: class
33. Arachnida
    rank: class
34. Araneae
    common name: spiders rank: order
35. Hydrachnidia
    common name: water mites rank: class
36. Insecta
    common name: insects rank: class
37. Hemiptera
    common name: bedbugs rank: order
38. Coleoptera
    common name: beetles rank: order
39. Pterygota
    rank: subclass
40. Ephemeroptera
    common name: mayflies rank: order
41. Plecoptera
    common name: stoneflies rank: order
42. Trichoptera
    common name: caddishflies rank: order
43. Megaloptera
    common name: alderflies rank: order
44. Odonata
    common name: dragonflies rank: order
45. Diptera
    common name: diptera rank: order

The studied area is located in the middle part of the Vychegda River (Еuropean North-East of Russia, Komi Republic). The Vychegda is the largest right tributary of the Northern Dvina River. The study was carried out in the areas impacted wastewaters of the Mondi Syktyvkar JSC, which is the largest pulp and paper industry enterprise in the European part of Russia. Our studies in 2018-2020 showed improvement of the quality of the river water in places of discharge of wastewaterand and changes of the environmental situation in connection with the modernization of the treatment facilities of the Mondi Syktyvkar JSC (in 2014-2019). In some noted relative to the conditionally background indicators of the concentration of ions Cl-, SO42-, РО43-, NH4+, Stot, K, Na, phenol, as well as COD, Permanganate Value, turbidity, electrical conductivity (Patova et al., 2021).