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Ichthyofauna in an ecological station in the Pantanal of Brazil: the hydrological cycle affecting species composition

Citation

Pains da Silva H, Barbosa A P D, Silva L N L, Oliveira Jr E S, Corrêa F, Kantek D L Z, Muniz C C (2022). Ichthyofauna in an ecological station in the Pantanal of Brazil: the hydrological cycle affecting species composition. Version 1.2. Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15470/jjpuuu accessed via GBIF.org on 2023-12-01.

Description

This research aims to describe the ichthyological fauna in the area surrounding the Taiamã Ecological Station in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Three expeditions were carried out, in September 2014, February 2015 and May/2015, in seasons ranging from the hydrological conditions of high waters (flood), low waters (drought), and decreasing waters (ebbing). During the research we sampled 3,664 individuals from six orders, 28 families and 78 species. Characiformes was the most abundant order (̴ 81 % of individuals), followed by Siluriformes (̴ 13 % of individuals), and Gymnotiformes (̴ 4 % of individuals). The most representative species were Moenkhausia dichroura (Kner, 1858), Serrapinus calliurus (Boulenger, 1900), Odontostilbe pequira (Steindachner, 1882) and Pimelodella gracilis (Valenciennes, 1840). The dry period showed the highest abundance (1541 individuals), richness (61 species), diversity (H’ = 2.69) and equitability (J’ = 0.65). These results fill a gap concerning species composition in the Pantanal, mainly referring to data available on Conservation Unit, and its surroundings. Moreover, this research provides a database to update the checklist of fish species in a remote wetland, offering a tool for management and conservation.

Sampling Description

Study Extent

The Taiamã Ecological Station (TES) is located in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso (between W 57o 24' and W 45° 40'; and S 16° 48' and S 16° 58'; fig. 1), 165 km t from the municipality of Cáceres. The TES covers an area of 11,550 ha, comprising the islands of Taiamã and Sararé, and limited by a bifurcation of the Paraguay River (Ikeda-Castrillon et al., 2011). The annual average temperature is 26oC, with highest temperatures in the rainy season (October to December) according to Neves et al. (2011). The flood pulse directly influences the area, promoting marked changes in the availability of aquatic habitats. The Pantanal is made up of several phyto physiognomies, such as wet fields, and permanent and temporary bays (Carvalho, 1986; Junk and Da Silva, 2000). The uniform geographical relief denotes a lentic water flow, with periodic flooding due to the flood pulse, which regulates the ecological process in this region (Fernandes et al., 2010). The annual droughts and floods lead to variations in the abundance of certain species (Da Silva et al., 2001; Junk et al. 2014).

Sampling

We conducted three field excursions, in September 2014, February 2015, and May 2015. These three periods comprise the seasonal hydric periods of low waters (drought), decreasing waters (ebbing), and high waters (flooding). The study was approved by the Instituto Chico Mendes para a conservação da Biodiversidade–SISBIO num 46263-1).

Quality Control

Fish were identified following Britski et al. (2007) and manuscripts of species description. Specimens were then conserved in 70 % alcohol (and deposited in the Laboratory of Ichthyology of the Northern Pantanal – LIPAN, linked to the Research Centre in Limnology, Biodiversity and Ethnobiology of the Pantanal – CELBE/UNEMAT. Abundance, richness (Taxa S), diversity (Shaanon's index, H’) and equitability (Pielou, J’) were calculated for each season with PAST 3.0 free software (Hammer et al., 2001).

Method steps

  1. Fish samples were collected at three different points surrounding the TES. Fish capture were captured using a square metallic structure (1 m width x 2 m length x 1 m depth) with a 3 mm nylon net that was passed underneath the macrophyte beds three times. Netting of several mesh sizes and a dragging net (5 mm internode, 25 m length and 4 m high) were also passed once in the limnetic region of the water body. After the samples were collected, the fish were anesthetized with Eugenol (Keene et al., 1998; Fernandes et al., 2017) and fixed in formalin (concentration of 10 %) until identification.

Taxonomic Coverages

  1. Actinopterygii
    rank: class
  2. Characiformes
    rank: order
  3. Acestrorhynchidae
    rank: family
  4. Anostomidae
    rank: family
  5. Characidae
    rank: family
  6. Curimatidae
    rank: family
  7. Erythrinidae
    rank: family
  8. Hemiodontidae
    rank: family
  9. Iguanodectidae
    rank: family
  10. Lebiasinidae
    rank: family
  11. Parodontidae
    rank: family
  12. Serrasalmidae
    rank: family
  13. Triportheidae
    rank: family
  14. Cichliformes
    rank: order
  15. Cichlidae
    rank: family
  16. Cyprinodontiformes
    rank: order
  17. Rivulidae
    rank: family
  18. Gymnotiformes
    rank: order
  19. Gymnotidae
    rank: family
  20. Hypopomidae
    rank: family
  21. Rhamphichthyidae
    rank: family
  22. Sternopygidae
    rank: family
  23. Siluriformes
    rank: order
  24. Doradidae
    rank: family
  25. Heptapteridae
    rank: family
  26. Loricariidae
    rank: family
  27. Pimelodidae
    rank: family

Geographic Coverages

The Taiamã Ecological Station (TES) is located in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso (between W 57o 24' and W 45° 40'; and S 16° 48' and S 16° 58'; fig. 1), 165 km t from the municipality of Cáceres. The TES covers an area of 11,550 ha, comprising the islands of Taiamã and Sararé, and limited by a bifurcation of the Paraguay River

Bibliographic Citations

  1. Pains da Silva, H., Barbosa, A. P. D., Silva, L. N. L., Oliveira Jr, E. S., Corrêa, F., Kantek, D. L. Z., Muniz, C. C., 2020. Ichthyofauna in an ecological station in the Pantanal of Brazil: the hydrological cycle affecting species composition. Arxius de Miscel·lània Zoològica, 18: 183-193, Doi: https://doi.org/10.32800/amz.2020.18.0183 - https://doi.org/10.32800/amz.2020.18.0183

Contacts

H. Pains da Silva
originator
Federal University of Mato Grosso-UFMT
Cuiabá
78060-900
BR
email: painsbio@gmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-2889
A. P. D. Barbosa
originator
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: pauladalbem11@gmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6282-4799
L. N. L. Silva
originator
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: larissa_lima1507@hotmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-6188
E. S. Oliveira Jr
originator
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: ernandes@unemat.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6953-6917
F. Corrêa
originator
University of the State of Mato Grosso–UNEMAT
Nova Xavantina
BR
email: correafecologia@yahoo.com.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-5137
D. L. Z. Kantek
originator
Taiamã Ecological Station, ICMBio/MT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: daniel.kantek@icmbio.gov.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9558-1503
C. C. Muniz
originator
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: claumir@unemat.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2082-2234
F. Corrêa
metadata author
University of the State of Mato Grosso–UNEMAT
Nova Xavantina
78060-900
BR
email: correafecologia@yahoo.com.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-5137
Montse Ferrer
publisher
position: Managing Editor AMZ
Arxius de Miscel·lània Zoològica, Museu de Ciències Naturals de Barcelona
Ps Picasso s/n
Barcelona
08003
Barcelona
ES
email: montseferrerf@gmail.com
H. Pains da Silva
administrative point of contact
Federal University of Mato Grosso-UFMT
Cuiabá
78060-900
BR
email: painsbio@gmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3540-2889
A. P. D. Barbosa
administrative point of contact
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: pauladalbem11@gmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6282-4799
L. N. L. Silva
administrative point of contact
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: larissa_lima1507@hotmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-6188
E. S. Oliveira Jr
administrative point of contact
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: ernandes@unemat.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6953-6917
F. Corrêa
administrative point of contact
University of the State of Mato Grosso–UNEMAT
Nova Xavantina
BR
email: correafecologia@yahoo.com.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-5137
D. L. Z. Kantek
administrative point of contact
Taiamã Ecological Station, ICMBio/MT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: daniel.kantek@icmbio.gov.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9558-1503
C. C. Muniz
administrative point of contact
University of the State of Mato Grosso – UNEMAT
Cáceres
78200-000
BR
email: claumir@unemat.br
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2082-2234
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