MBON POLE TO POLE: ROCKY SHORE BIODIVERSITY OF CONCEPCION CHILE

Study Extent

This study was carried out in three sites (Cocholgüe Norte, Cocholgüe Sur and Dichato) between September and November 2018).

Sampling

Sampling is organized following a stratified design, which includes LOCATIONS, SITES, and STRATA. Note that LOCATIONS are separated by 30 – 100’s of kilometers. For each LOCATION on this case it was only one. Those SITES will be separated by units of kilometers (maximum 5 km). The selected site was divided in THREE STRATA (tidal levels) parallel to the coastline using the almost universal biologically-based characteristics of rocky shores of high-, mid- and low zones. In each stratum 10 QUADRATS were sampled, pictures from relevant animals were taken and animals and macroalgae samples were considered for further taxonomic identifications. In the 10 QUADRATS within each stratum (tidal level), slow moving animals are counted and the percentage cover of space occupied by invertebrates and algae. The latter includes those organisms that cover a considerable fraction of the rock surface and that are too many to be counted or cannot be easily separated into individuals; e.g., barnacles, mussels, some colonial invertebrates, including zoanthids and ascidians, algal turfs or macroalgae. Organisms adhering directly to the rock surface and moving across it are considered the “primary layer”. If canopy-forming organisms such as macroalgae are present, then these are moved aside for counts, cover and photographs in order to effectively quantify the primary layer. The composition of the canopy- the secondary layer- should also be conducted.

Quality Control

Taxonomic validity of taxa names was verified using www.marinespecies.org

Method steps

1. Samples were processed following the protocol developed during the Marine Biodiversity Workshop: from the Sea to the Cloud, at Praia do Segredo, São Sebastião, Brasil. August 6-10, 2018 - https://marinebon.github.io/p2p/protocols/MBON_P2P_RS_Protocol.pdf

Intertidal Rocky Shore macroflora and macrofauna. All organisms were identified to the lowest taxonomic resolution possible, in most cases to species level.

1. Siphonaria lessonii
   rank: species
2. Pyropia orbicularis
   rank: species
3. Chthamalus cirratus
   rank: species
4. Pyropia
   rank: genus
5. Austrolittorina araucana
   rank: species
6. Ulva intestinalis
   rank: species
7. Ulva
   rank: genus
8. Bacillariophyceae
   rank: class
9. Perumytilus purpuratus
   rank: species
10. Tegula atra
    rank: species
11. Chiton (Chiton) granosus
    rank: species
12. Tetrapygus niger
    rank: species
13. Corallina officinalis
    rank: species
14. Chondria secundata
    rank: species
15. Schottera nicaeensis
    rank: species
16. Lessonia spicata
    rank: species
17. Sarcothalia crispata
    rank: species
18. Corallinales
    rank: species
19. Acanthopleura echinata
    rank: species
20. Tonicia chilensis
    rank: species
21. Acanthina monodon
    rank: species
22. Notochthamalus scabrosus
    rank: species
23. Scurria parasitica
    rank: species
24. Chaetopleura peruviana
    rank: species
25. Crepipatella dilatata
    rank: species
26. Phymactis papillosa
    rank: species
27. Balanus laevis
    rank: species
28. Taliepus dentatus
    rank: species
29. Fissurella costata
    rank: species
30. Anemonia alicemartinae
    rank: species
31. Fissurella
    rank: genus
32. Lithothamniaceae
    rank: family
33. Mazzaella laminarioides
    rank: species
34. Capreolia implexa
    rank: species
35. Gelidium chilense
    rank: species
36. Scytosiphon lomentaria
    rank: species
37. Scurria ceciliana
    rank: species
38. Semimytilus algosus
    rank: species
39. Scurria araucana
    rank: species
40. Scurria zebrina
    rank: species
41. Ahnfeltiopsis furcellata
    rank: species
42. Mytilus chilensis
    rank: species
43. Oulactis concinnata
    rank: species
44. Fissurella crassa
    rank: species

Rocky Shore of Concepción Province, including 3 sites: Dichato, Cocholgüe Norte, Cocholgüe Sur