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Database of Vascular Plants of Himalaya

Citation

Rana S K, Rawat G S (2019). Database of Vascular Plants of Himalaya. Version 1.6. Wildlife Institute of India. Occurrence dataset https://doi.org/10.15468/zdeuix accessed via GBIF.org on 2021-06-24.

Description

Himalaya forms the largest and highest mountain rage on the earth. Extending over 2400 km nearly east-west with complex topographical features Himalaya provides a wide variety of climate and soils and consequently supports a remarkable assemblage of vegetation types and vascular plant diversity. In this database we examined all available 31 floras published in 42 volumes for different regions of Bhutan, Nepal and Indian Himalayan states and compiled a comprehensive checklist of all plants reported from Himalaya with information on their geographical and elevational distribution. The species names of vascular plants were assessed against updated taxonomic list of botanical names available from www.theplantlist.com (The Plant List, 2013). Further all names were assessed in the GBIF backbone taxonomy using species matching service on GBIF website.

Sampling Description

Method steps

Taxonomic Coverages

All the species of vascular plants reported from Himalayas. A list of families reported is as under:
  1. Acanthaceae
    rank: family
  2. Achariaceae
    rank: family
  3. Actinidiaceae
    rank: family
  4. Adoxaceae
    rank: family
  5. Aizoaceae
    rank: family
  6. Alismataceae
    rank: family
  7. Amaranthaceae
    rank: family
  8. Amaryllidaceae
    rank: family
  9. Anacardiaceae
    rank: family
  10. Annonaceae
    rank: family
  11. Apiaceae
    rank: family
  12. Apocynaceae
    rank: family
  13. Aponogetonaceae
    rank: family
  14. Aquifoliaceae
    rank: family
  15. Araceae
    rank: family
  16. Araliaceae
    rank: family
  17. Araucariaceae
    rank: family
  18. Arecaceae
    rank: family
  19. Aristolochiaceae
    rank: family
  20. Asclepiadaceae
    rank: family
  21. Asparagaceae
    rank: family
  22. Balanophoraceae
    rank: family
  23. Balsaminaceae
    rank: family
  24. Basellaceae
    rank: family
  25. Begoniaceae
    rank: family
  26. Berberidaceae
    rank: family
  27. Betulaceae
    rank: family
  28. Biebersteiniaceae
    rank: family
  29. Bignoniaceae
    rank: family
  30. Bixaceae
    rank: family
  31. Boraginaceae
    rank: family
  32. Brassicaceae
    rank: family
  33. Bromeliaceae
    rank: family
  34. Burmanniaceae
    rank: family
  35. Burseraceae
    rank: family
  36. Butomaceae
    rank: family
  37. Buxaceae
    rank: family
  38. Cactaceae
    rank: family
  39. Calceolariaceae
    rank: family
  40. Calycanthaceae
    rank: family
  41. Calophyllaceae
    rank: family
  42. Campanulaceae
    rank: family
  43. Cannabaceae
    rank: family
  44. Cannaceae
    rank: family
  45. Capparaceae
    rank: family
  46. Caprifoliaceae
    rank: family
  47. Cardiopteridaceae
    rank: family
  48. Caricaceae
    rank: family
  49. Carlemanniaceae
    rank: family
  50. Caryophyllaceae
    rank: family
  51. Casuarinaceae
    rank: family
  52. Celastraceae
    rank: family
  53. Ceratophyllaceae
    rank: family
  54. Chenopodiaceae
    rank: family
  55. Chloranthaceae
    rank: family
  56. Circaeasteraceae
    rank: family
  57. Cleomaceae
    rank: family
  58. Clethraceae
    rank: family
  59. Clusiaceae
    rank: family
  60. Colchicaceae
    rank: family
  61. Combretaceae
    rank: family
  62. Commelinaceae
    rank: family
  63. Compositae
    rank: family
  64. Connaraceae
    rank: family
  65. Convolvulaceae
    rank: family
  66. Coriariaceae
    rank: family
  67. Cornaceae
    rank: family
  68. Crassulaceae
    rank: family
  69. Cucurbitaceae
    rank: family
  70. Cupressaceae
    rank: family
  71. Cycadaceae
    rank: family
  72. Cyperaceae
    rank: family
  73. Daphniphyllaceae
    rank: family
  74. Datiscaceae
    rank: family
  75. Diapensiaceae
    rank: family
  76. Dichapetalaceae
    rank: family
  77. Dilleniaceae
    rank: family
  78. Dioscoreaceae
    rank: family
  79. Dipsacaceae
    rank: family
  80. Dipterocarpaceae
    rank: family
  81. Droseraceae
    rank: family
  82. Ebenaceae
    rank: family
  83. Elaeagnaceae
    rank: family
  84. Elaeocarpaceae
    rank: family
  85. Elatinaceae
    rank: family
  86. Ephedraceae
    rank: family
  87. Equisetaceae
    rank: family
  88. Ericaceae
    rank: family
  89. Eriocaulaceae
    rank: family
  90. Euphorbiaceae
    rank: family
  91. Eupteleaceae
    rank: family
  92. Fagaceae
    rank: family
  93. Flacourtiaceae
    rank: family
  94. Garryaceae
    rank: family
  95. Gentianaceae
    rank: family
  96. Geraniaceae
    rank: family
  97. Gesneriaceae
    rank: family
  98. Ginkgoaceae
    rank: family
  99. Gnetaceae
    rank: family
  100. Grossulariaceae
    rank: family
  101. Haloragaceae
    rank: family
  102. Haloragidaceae
    rank: family
  103. Hamamelidaceae
    rank: family
  104. Hernandiaceae
    rank: family
  105. Hydrangeaceae
    rank: family
  106. Hydrocharitaceae
    rank: family
  107. Hydroleaceae
    rank: family
  108. Hypericaceae
    rank: family
  109. Hypoxidaceae
    rank: family
  110. Icacinaceae
    rank: family
  111. Illiciaceae
    rank: family
  112. Iridaceae
    rank: family
  113. Iteaceae
    rank: family
  114. Juglandaceae
    rank: family
  115. Juncaceae
    rank: family
  116. Juncaginaceae
    rank: family
  117. Lamiaceae
    rank: family
  118. Lardizabalaceae
    rank: family
  119. Lauraceae
    rank: family
  120. Lecythidaceae
    rank: family
  121. Leguminosae
    rank: family
  122. Lentibulariaceae
    rank: family
  123. Liliaceae
    rank: family
  124. Linaceae
    rank: family
  125. Linderniaceae
    rank: family
  126. Loganaceae
    rank: family
  127. Loganiaceae
    rank: family
  128. Loranthaceae
    rank: family
  129. Lythraceae
    rank: family
  130. Magnoliaceae
    rank: family
  131. Malpighiaceae
    rank: family
  132. Malvaceae
    rank: family
  133. Marantaceae
    rank: family
  134. Marsileaceae
    rank: family
  135. Martyniaceae
    rank: family
  136. Melanthiaceae
    rank: family
  137. Melastomataceae
    rank: family
  138. Meliaceae
    rank: family
  139. Melianthaceae
    rank: family
  140. Menispermaceae
    rank: family
  141. Menyanthaceae
    rank: family
  142. Molluginaceae
    rank: family
  143. Moraceae
    rank: family
  144. Morinaceae
    rank: family
  145. Moringaceae
    rank: family
  146. Musaceae
    rank: family
  147. Myricaceae
    rank: family
  148. Myristicaceae
    rank: family
  149. Myrsinaceae
    rank: family
  150. Myrtaceae
    rank: family
  151. Nartheciaceae
    rank: family
  152. Nelumbonaceae
    rank: family
  153. Nitrariaceae
    rank: family
  154. Nyctaginaceae
    rank: family
  155. Nymphaeaceae
    rank: family
  156. Ochnaceae
    rank: family
  157. Olacaceae
    rank: family
  158. Oleaceae
    rank: family
  159. Onagraceae
    rank: family
  160. Ophioglossaceae
    rank: family
  161. Opiliaceae
    rank: family
  162. Orchidaceae
    rank: family
  163. Orobanchaceae
    rank: family
  164. Osmundaceae
    rank: family
  165. Oxalidaceae
    rank: family
  166. Paeoniaceae
    rank: family
  167. Pandanaceae
    rank: family
  168. Papaveraceae
    rank: family
  169. Parnassiaceae
    rank: family
  170. Passifloraceae
    rank: family
  171. Paulowniaceae
    rank: family
  172. Pedaliaceae
    rank: family
  173. Penaeaceae
    rank: family
  174. Pentaphylacaceae
    rank: family
  175. Phrymaceae
    rank: family
  176. Phyllanthaceae
    rank: family
  177. Phytolaccaceae
    rank: family
  178. Pinaceae
    rank: family
  179. Piperaceae
    rank: family
  180. Pittosporaceae
    rank: family
  181. Plantaginaceae
    rank: family
  182. Platanaceae
    rank: family
  183. Plumbaginaceae
    rank: family
  184. Poaceae
    rank: family
  185. Podocarpaceae
    rank: family
  186. Podostemaceae
    rank: family
  187. Polemoniaceae
    rank: family
  188. Polygalaceae
    rank: family
  189. Polygonaceae
    rank: family
  190. Pontederiaceae
    rank: family
  191. Portulacaceae
    rank: family
  192. Potamogetonaceae
    rank: family
  193. Primulaceae
    rank: family
  194. Proteaceae
    rank: family
  195. Putranjivaceae
    rank: family
  196. Rafflesiaceae
    rank: family
  197. Ranunculaceae
    rank: family
  198. Resedaceae
    rank: family
  199. Rhamnaceae
    rank: family
  200. Rhizophoraceae
    rank: family
  201. Rosaceae
    rank: family
  202. Rubiaceae
    rank: family
  203. Rutaceae
    rank: family
  204. Sabiaceae
    rank: family
  205. Salicaceae
    rank: family
  206. Salviniaceae
    rank: family
  207. Santalaceae
    rank: family
  208. Sapindaceae
    rank: family
  209. Sapotaceae
    rank: family
  210. Saururaceae
    rank: family
  211. Saxifragaceae
    rank: family
  212. Schisandraceae
    rank: family
  213. Scrophulariaceae
    rank: family
  214. Selaginellaceae
    rank: family
  215. Simaroubaceae
    rank: family
  216. Smilacaceae
    rank: family
  217. Solanaceae
    rank: family
  218. Sphenocleaceae
    rank: family
  219. Stachyuraceae
    rank: family
  220. Staphyleaceae
    rank: family
  221. Stemonaceae
    rank: family
  222. Stemonuraceae
    rank: family
  223. Stylidiaceae
    rank: family
  224. Styracaceae
    rank: family
  225. Symplocaceae
    rank: family
  226. Talinaceae
    rank: family
  227. Tamaricaceae
    rank: family
  228. Taxaceae
    rank: family
  229. Taxodiaceae
    rank: family
  230. Tetracentraceae
    rank: family
  231. Tetramelaceae
    rank: family
  232. Theaceae
    rank: family
  233. Thelypteridaceae
    rank: family
  234. Thymelaeaceae
    rank: family
  235. Tiliaceae
    rank: family
  236. Tofieldiaceae
    rank: family
  237. Tropaeolaceae
    rank: family
  238. Typhaceae
    rank: family
  239. Ulmaceae
    rank: family
  240. Urticaceae
    rank: family
  241. Verbenaceae
    rank: family
  242. Violaceae
    rank: family
  243. Vitaceae
    rank: family
  244. Xanthorrhoeaceae
    rank: family
  245. Xyridaceae
    rank: family
  246. Zingiberaceae
    rank: family
  247. Zygophyllaceae
    rank: family

Geographic Coverages

The vascular plant species database include species reported from Himalaya covering mountainous regions of 3 countries viz. Bhutan, Nepal and Arunachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Northern West Bengal, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu & Kashmir states of India. The species checklist was obtained by compiling all species reported in the 31 floras published in 42 volumes from different parts of Himalayan region. Synonyms were eliminated by assessing all species names in floras against the updated species names from The Plant List (2013) and GBIF backbone taxonomy.

Bibliographic Citations

  1. Babu, C.R. (1977) Herbaceous flora of Dehradun. CSIR Publications, New Delhi. -
  2. Bhellum, B.L. & Magotra, R. (2012) A catalogue of flowering plants of Doda, Kishtwar and Ramban districts Kashmir Himalaya. Bishan Singh Mahenddra Pal Singh Dehradun. -
  3. Blatter, E. (1927) Beautiful flowers of Kashmir (Vol.1-2). Staples and Staples Limited, Great Britain. -
  4. Chauhan, A.S., Singh, K.P. & Singh, D.K. (1996) A contribution to the flora of Namdapha Arunachal Pradesh. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. -
  5. Chowdhery, H.J. & Wadhwa B.M (1984) Flora of Himachal Pradesh (Vol.1-3). Botanical Survey of India, Culcatta. -
  6. Chowdhery, H.J., Giri, G.S. & Pramanik, A. (2009) Materials for the flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Vol-3. Hydrocharitaceae-Poaceae). Botanical Survey of India, Culcatta. -
  7. Collet, H. (1921) Flora Simlensis. Thacker, Spink & Co., London. -
  8. Dhaliwal, D.S. & Sharma, M. (1999) Flora of Kullu district (Himachal Pradesh). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. -
  9. Dhar, U. & Kachroo, P. (1983) Alpine flora of Kashmir Himalaya. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, India. -
  10. Duthie, J.F. (1903-23) Flora of the upper Gangetic plain and of The adjacent Siwalik and sub-Himalayan tracts. Botanical Survey of India, Dehradun. -
  11. Gaur, R.D. (1999) Flora of the district Garhwal northwest Himalaya. Transmedia, Srinagar U.P. India. -
  12. Ghosh, D.K. & Mallick, J.K. (2014) Flora of Darjeeling Himalayas and foothills (Angiosperms). Bishen Singh Mahendrapal Singh, Dehradun. -
  13. Giri, G.S., Pramanik, A. & Chowdhery, H.J. (2008) Materials for the flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Vol-2. Astraceae-Ceratophyllaceae). Botanical Survey of India, Culcatta. -
  14. Grierson, A.J.C. & Long, D.G. (1983-2001) Flora of Bhutan (Including a record of plants from Sikkim) (Vol. 1-2). Royal Botanical Garden, Edinburgh. -
  15. Gupta, R.K. (1968) Flora Nainitalensis: A hand book of the flowering plants of Nainital. Navayug Traders, New Delhi. -
  16. Hajra, P.K. & Badlodi, B. (1995) Plant wealth of Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve. Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta. -
  17. Hajra, P.K., Verma, D.M. & Giri, G.S. (1996) Materials for the Flora of Arunachal Pradesh (Vol. 1). Botanical Survey of India, Culcatta. -
  18. Hara, H. & Williams, L.H.J. (1978-82) An enumeration of the flowering plants of Nepal (Vol. 1-3). Trustees of the British Museum, London -
  19. Kanjilal, U.N. (1928) Forest flora of the Chakrata, Dehradun and Saharanpur forest division. Government of India Press, Calcutta. -
  20. Kapur, S.K. & Sarin, Y.K. (1990) Flora of Trikuta hills (Shri Vaishno Devi Shrine). Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun, India. -
  21. Lal, K. & Rawat, G.S. Flowering plants of Sirmour district: A catalogue. (In Press). -
  22. Naithani, (1984-85) Flora of Chamoli (Vol. 1-2). Botanical Survey of India, Hawrah. -
  23. Noltie, H.J. (1994-2000) Flora of Bhutan (Including a record of plants from Sikkim and Darjeeling) (Vol. 3, Part 1-2). Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. -
  24. Osmaston, A.E. (1994) A Forest Flora of Kumaon. Bishen Singh Mahinder Pal Singh, Dehradun. -
  25. Pearce, N.R. & Cribb, P.J. (2002) Flora of Bhutan: Including a record of plants from Sikkim and Darjeeling (Vol. 3, Part-3), The Orchids of Bhutan. Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh. -
  26. Sharma, B.M. & Jamwal, P.S. (1988-98). Flora of upper Lidder valley of Kashmir Himalaya (Vol. 1-2). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. -
  27. Sharma, B.M. & Jamwal, P.S. (1998). Flora of upper Lidder valley of Kashmir Himalaya (Vol. 2). Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur. -
  28. Sharma, B.M. & Kachroo, P. (1981) Flora of Jammu and plants of neighbourhood. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun. -
  29. Singh, H. & Sharma, M. (2006) Flora of Chamba district Himachal Pradesh. Bishan Singh, Mohinderpal, Dehradun. -
  30. Singh, G. & Kachroo, P. (1994) Forest flora of Pir Panjal range (Northwest Himalaya). Bishan Singh, Mohinder Pal Singh, Dehradun. -
  31. Singh, G. & Kachroo, P.K. (1987) Forest flora of Srinagar. Periodical Expert Book Agency, New Delhi. -
  32. Singh, S.K. & Rawat, G.S. (2000) Flora of Great Himalayan National Park Himachal Pradesh. Bishen Singh Mahinder Pal Singh Dehradun. -
  33. Strachey, R. (1974) Catalogue of Kumaon Plants. Periodical Experts Delhi. -
  34. Swami, A. & Gupta, B.K. (1998) Flora of Udhampur. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun. -
  35. Uniyal, B.P., Sharma, J.R., Chaudhery U. & Singh. D.K. (2007) Flowering plants of Uttarakhand. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehradun. -
  36. Vij, S.P., Verma, J. & Kumar, C.S. (2013) Orchids of Himachal Pradesh. Bishen Singh Mahendrapal Singh, Dehradun. -

Contacts

Suresh Kumar Rana
originator
position: Senior Research Fellow
Wildlife Institute of India
Dehradun
248001
Uttrakhand
IN
Telephone: +919419935911
email: envsuresh09@gmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-216X
Gopal Singh Rawat
originator
position: Dean
Wildlife Institute of India
Dehradun
248001
Uttrakhand
IN
email: rawatg@wii.gov.in
Suresh Kumar Rana
metadata author
position: Senior Research Fellow
Wildlife Institute of India
Dehradun
248001
Uttrakhand
IN
Telephone: +919419935911
email: envsuresh09@gmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-216X
Suresh Kumar Rana
administrative point of contact
position: Senior Research Fellow
Wildlife Institute of India
Dehradun
248001
Uttrakhand
IN
Telephone: +919419935911
email: envsuresh09@gmail.com
userId: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2386-216X
Gopal Singh Rawat
administrative point of contact
position: Dean
Wildlife Institute of India
Dehradun
248001
Uttrakhand
IN
email: rawatg@wii.gov.in
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