Spalangiidae
- Dataset
- GBIF Backbone Taxonomy
- Rank
- FAMILY
Classification
- kingdom
- Animalia
- phylum
- Arthropoda
- class
- Insecta
- order
- Hymenoptera
- family
- Spalangiidae
diagnosis
Diagnosis. Antenna usually with 8 flagellomeres, including a 1 - segmented clava, with 11 flagellomeres including 3 clavomeres in Eunotopsia Boucek. Clypeus without transverse subapical groove. Labrum exposed, well-sclerotized, subrectangular or semicircular with marginal setae in a row (Fig. 53). Mandibles with 2 or 3 teeth, or undivided (in Eunotopsia). Subforaminal bridge with postgenal bridge or with postgena separated by lower tentorial bridge. Mesoscutellum with frenum indicated at least laterally, and without axillular sulcus. Mesopleural area without an expanded acropleuron; mesepimeron extending over anterior margin of metapleuron. All legs with 5 tarsomeres; protibial spur stout and curved; basitarsal comb longitudinal. Metasoma with syntergum, therefore without epipygium.
discussion
Discussion. There are two distinctive subfamilies in Spalangiidae, Spalangiinae and Erotolepsiinae new placement, both comprised of parasitoids of Diptera. The antennal toruli are placed very low on the head in most species of both subfamilies (Fig. 54). In most Erotolepsiinae (except Eunotopsia where they are placed higher), the toruli are just above the very short clypeus, while in Spalangiinae the toruli are placed on lobes that overhang the clypeus and labrum, rendering them difficult to see. This distinctive antennal placement and the prognathous head make members of Spalangiinae easily identifiable. Most Erotolepsiinae (again, not Eunotopsia) are readily identified by the presence of a long carina that encircles most of the face, extending from near the median ocellus to the top of the clypeus (Fig. 54), and have a transverse carina across the anterior part of Gt 1 (Fig. 55). The enigmatic genus Eunotopsia shares the transverse carina on Gt 1 with other Erotolepsiinae and can be identified to subfamily using this feature. Erotolepsiinae strongly resemble Herbertiidae and Micradelinae, which differ in lacking the carinae of the face and Gt 1. Herbertiidae further differ in having an oblique basitarsal comb, although the basitarsal comb of Micradelinae is reduced and difficult to evaluate. Eunotidae are also somewhat similar to Erotolepsiinae, but differ in that the mesepimeron does not overlap the anterior margin of the metapleuron, and in lacking the Gt 1 sculpture of Erotolepsiinae.
Name
- Synonyms
- Spalangiinae
- Homonyms
- Spalangiidae
- Common names
- låghornssteklar in Swedish
Bibliographic References
- Burks, Mitroiu, Fusu, Heraty, Janšta, Heydon, Papilloud, Peters, Tselikh & Woolley (2022) From hell’s heart I stab at thee! A determined approach towards a monophyletic Pteromalidae and reclassification of Chalcidoidea (Hymenoptera)
- Forshage (2023) Hymnyheter 23-1