Vitaceae Juss.
- Dataset
- English Wikipedia - Species Pages
- Rank
- FAMILY
Classification
- family
- Vitaceae
Abstract
The Vitaceae are a family of flowering plants, with 14 genera and around 910 known species, including common plants such as grapevines (Vitis spp.) and Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia). The family name is derived from the genus Vitis. Most Vitis species have 38 chromosomes (n=19), but 40 (n=20) in subgenus Muscadinia, while Ampelocissus, Parthenocissus, and Ampelopsis also have 40 chromosomes (n=20) and Cissus has 24 chromosomes (n=12). The family is economically important as the berries of Vitis species, commonly known as grapes, are an important fruit crop and, when fermented, produce wine. Species of the genus Tetrastigma serve as hosts to parasitic plants in the family Rafflesiaceae.
Earliest fossil history
Well preserved-fruits of Indovitis chitaleyae containing seeds with similar morphology to the Vitaceae have been recovered from Late Cretaceous Deccan Intertrappean beds of several sites in central India. These fruits and their dispersed seeds found in the same sediments, about 66 million years old, represent the oldest known fossils of the grape family. The fossil fruits containing 4 to 6 seeds are very similar to extant Vitis..
Taxonomy
The name sometimes appears as Vitidaceae, but Vitaceae is a conserved name and therefore has priority over both Vitidaceae and another name sometimes found in the older literature, Ampelidaceae. In the APG III system (2009) onwards, the family is placed in its own order, Vitales. Molecular phylogenetic studies place the Vitales as the most basal clade in the rosids. In the Cronquist system, the family was placed near the family Rhamnaceae in order Rhamnales. Plants of the World Online currently includes the following genera, placed in two subfamilies:
Leeoideae
Leea D.Royen: previously placed in its own monotypic family, Leeaceae, was included in Vitaceae by APG IV (2016) and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website.
Vitoideae Five tribes are now recognised in this subfamily:Wen J, Lu LM, Nie ZI, Liu XQ, Zhang N, Ickert‐Bond S, Gerrath J, Manchester SR, Boggan J, Chen ZD (2018) A new phylogenetic tribal classification of the grape family (Vitaceae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution 56(4): 262-272.
Ampelopsideae
Ampelopsis glandulosa var. heterophylla
Ampelopsis A.Rich. ex Michx. (pepper-vines) Clematicissus Planch. Nekemias Raf. Rhoicissus Planch. Cayratieae
Tetrastigma leucostaphylum
Acareosperma Gagnep. Causonis Raf. Cayratia Juss. Cyphostemma (Planch.) Alston Pseudocayratia J.Wen, L.M.Lu & Z.D.Chen Tetrastigma (Miq.) Planch. Cisseae
Cissus nodosa
Cissus L. (treebinds) - widespread in tropics & subtropics Parthenocisseae
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Parthenocissus Planch. Yua C.L.Li Viteae Ampelocissus Planch. Vitis L. (includes grape vine) tribe incertae sedis Pterisanthes Blume (Indochina, Malesia)
Leeoideae
Leea D.Royen: previously placed in its own monotypic family, Leeaceae, was included in Vitaceae by APG IV (2016) and the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website.
Vitoideae Five tribes are now recognised in this subfamily:Wen J, Lu LM, Nie ZI, Liu XQ, Zhang N, Ickert‐Bond S, Gerrath J, Manchester SR, Boggan J, Chen ZD (2018) A new phylogenetic tribal classification of the grape family (Vitaceae). Journal of Systematics and Evolution 56(4): 262-272.
Ampelopsideae
Ampelopsis glandulosa var. heterophylla
Ampelopsis A.Rich. ex Michx. (pepper-vines) Clematicissus Planch. Nekemias Raf. Rhoicissus Planch. Cayratieae
Tetrastigma leucostaphylum
Acareosperma Gagnep. Causonis Raf. Cayratia Juss. Cyphostemma (Planch.) Alston Pseudocayratia J.Wen, L.M.Lu & Z.D.Chen Tetrastigma (Miq.) Planch. Cisseae
Cissus nodosa
Cissus L. (treebinds) - widespread in tropics & subtropics Parthenocisseae
Parthenocissus quinquefolia
Parthenocissus Planch. Yua C.L.Li Viteae Ampelocissus Planch. Vitis L. (includes grape vine) tribe incertae sedis Pterisanthes Blume (Indochina, Malesia)
Name
- Homonyms
- Vitaceae Juss.