Are range limits defined by niche limits?

The range of any given species is limited by several biotic and abiotic conditions. But to what extent can geographical range limits be explained by ecological niches? This study combined results from existing transplant experiments using both plants and animals with new ecological niche models based on GBIF-mediated occurrences to provide a comparative approach to the question. The researchers weighed performance of transplanted species against predicted suitability in the niche models, and found that across almost all species tested, the two parameters were concordant and significantly lower outside the range than inside. The results provide compelling support for the hypothesis that range limits reflect niche limits, raising questions about the importance of dispersal limitation to species’ distributions. The study combines methods and provides a robust framework for studying range limits.