Amphibians of the Philippines

The amphibian fauna of the Philippines is high in diversity and endemism, yet faces threats from habitat modification, invasive species, hunting, and the spread of chytrid fungus. Developing a complete species list of amphibians is essential for conservation planning and informed management decisions. Based on GBIF-mediated occurrences and records from 33 museums, the authors of this study present a revised list of all known amphibians in the Philippines with distribution maps and representative photos of most currently recognized species. New species descriptions have been steadily rising since the early 1990s due to increased sampling and awareness of species boundaries based on phylogenetic studies. Within the last 20 years alone, 27 new species have been described (nearly one-quarter of the country's recognized diversity), all endemic to the Philippines. The cryptic and underestimated diversity highlights the importance of continued efforts to study the amphibian fauna of the archipelago.